Whipple's disease presenting with bone marrow findings mimicking prefibrotic myelofibrosis: A diagnostic pitfall

Whipple's disease is a rare systemic infection that may mimic hematologic disorders. We report a case initially misdiagnosed as prefibrotic myelofibrosis based on systemic symptoms and bone marrow findings. Further investigations by PCR confirmed Tropheryma whipplei infection. Antibiotic therapy led to full clinical remission and resolution of bone marrow abnormalities. This case highlights the importance of considering infectious etiologies in patients with constitutional symptoms and bone marrow changes, to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate management.