Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors Among Nurses in Southeast Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

Poor sleep quality is widespread among nurses, adversely affecting their well-being and job performance, with various contributing factors. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among nurses in Southeast Iran.

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 260 eligible nurses, randomly selected from hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, using a multistage sampling method. Hospitals were stratified by type, wards grouped by specialty, and nurses randomly chosen from selected wards to ensure diverse institutional and work environment representation. Data were collected from April 20 to June 20, 2023. Sociodemographic information, lifestyle factors, work-related characteristics, occupational stressors, and sleep quality were gathered. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to measure sleep quality, while the Occupational Role Questionnaire (ORQ) assessed occupational stressors. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were utilized to identify predictors of poor sleep quality.

Poor sleep quality was reported by 73.8% of nurses and was significantly associated with being married (OR = 1.82, 95% CI (1.02, 3.26); p = 0.04) and having over 15 years of work experience (OR = 9.81, 95% CI (2.06, 46.73); p = 0.004). Role overload (OR = 1.05, 95% CI (1.01, 1.11); p = 0.03) and role insufficiency (OR = 1.08, 95% CI (1.03, 1.13); p = 0.002) were significant predictors, while no associations were found with age, gender, education, BMI, exercise, working hours, having a second job, and shift work.

The study underscores the high prevalence of poor sleep quality among nurses in Southeast Iran and identifies key contributing factors. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions in nursing education and workplace policies to address sleep-related issues, ultimately enhancing the well-being of nurses and improving patient care outcomes.