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Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
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First-in-line 3D-printed intravaginal ring for nonhormonal contraception.

Sarah Anne Howard1, Maimoona S Bhutta2, Rima Janusziewicz3

  • 1Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel 3D-printed intravaginal ring for nonhormonal contraception, co-delivering lactic acid (LA) and glycerol monolaurate (GML). The flexible platform technology achieved sustained drug release for over 30 days, offering a promising contraceptive option.

Keywords:
3D printed IVRNonhormonal contraceptionlong-acting deliverysperm motilityspermicidal activity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Reproductive Health
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Unintended pregnancies necessitate effective and acceptable contraceptive methods globally.
  • Existing long-acting contraceptives predominantly rely on exogenous hormones, with limited nonhormonal options like the copper intrauterine device (IUD).
  • There is a need for innovative nonhormonal, long-acting contraceptive delivery systems to improve adherence and reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a next-generation 3D-printed intravaginal ring (IVR) for the co-delivery of nonhormonal contraceptive agents.
  • To demonstrate the flexibility of the 3D printing platform in achieving tunable release rates of lactic acid (LA) and glycerol monolaurate (GML).
  • To investigate the drug loading and release mechanisms within the IVR matrix for sustained delivery over an extended period.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 3D-printed IVR designed for the co-delivery of lactic acid (LA) and glycerol monolaurate (GML).
  • In vitro characterization of the IVR to determine drug release kinetics by modifying ring properties and drug loading.
  • Analysis of drug-drug interactions within the IVR matrix and elucidation of release mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The 3D-printed IVR platform demonstrated flexibility in achieving a range of lactic acid (LA) and glycerol monolaurate (GML) release rates.
  • Sustained release of both LA and GML was achieved from the IVRs at target rates for durations exceeding 30 days.
  • Insights were gained into the interactions of drugs with varying physiochemical properties within the IVR matrix, clarifying loading and release mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • A novel 3D-printed IVR platform enables the co-delivery of nonhormonal contraceptive agents, lactic acid (LA) and glycerol monolaurate (GML).
  • The developed IVR technology offers tunable and sustained release profiles, demonstrating potential for long-acting, nonhormonal contraception.
  • This platform represents a significant advancement in developing acceptable and effective contraceptive options, addressing a critical global health need.