Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor Unit Stimulation01:20

Motor Unit Stimulation

3.5K
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
3.5K
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

4.2K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
4.2K
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation01:19

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

3.6K
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Model-based design and placement analysis for epidural cortical stimulation.

Journal of neural engineering·2026
Same author

Sacral Neuromodulation for Refractory Overactive Bladder: Closing the Gaps in Anatomy, Mechanisms, and Parameter Selection.

Advances in therapy·2026
Same author

Histologically Informed Multiscale Modeling of the Neuronal Elements Activated by TMS.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Dual-frequency spinal cord stimulation increases responder rates for treatment of neuropathic pain.

Pain·2026
Same author

A Roadmap to Navigate the Future of Neural Engineering.

Journal of neural engineering·2026
Same author

Addendum: Modified cable equation incorporating transverse polarization of neuronal membranes for accurate coupling of electric fields (<i>J. Neural Eng</i>.<b>15</b>026003).

Journal of neural engineering·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Targeting Neuronal Fiber Tracts for Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy Using Interactive, Patient-Specific Models
14:14

Targeting Neuronal Fiber Tracts for Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy Using Interactive, Patient-Specific Models

Published on: August 12, 2018

9.3K

Exploring Tonic and Burst Stimulation in Neural Fibers: A Computational Modeling Approach.

Nickolaj Ajay Atchuthan, Warren M Grill, Suzan Meijs

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |December 3, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    Burst spinal cord stimulation (SCS) reduces paresthesia by desynchronizing neural firing, offering a potential paresthesia-free pain management alternative. This waveform shows lower fidelity but irregular activation patterns compared to conventional SCS.

    More Related Videos

    Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses
    08:34

    Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

    Published on: May 9, 2021

    3.0K
    Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model
    09:47

    Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model

    Published on: October 18, 2015

    10.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 9, 2026

    Targeting Neuronal Fiber Tracts for Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy Using Interactive, Patient-Specific Models
    14:14

    Targeting Neuronal Fiber Tracts for Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy Using Interactive, Patient-Specific Models

    Published on: August 12, 2018

    9.3K
    Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses
    08:34

    Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

    Published on: May 9, 2021

    3.0K
    Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model
    09:47

    Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model

    Published on: October 18, 2015

    10.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Computational Modeling

    Background:

    • Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a key therapy for chronic pain.
    • Conventional SCS waveforms can cause paresthesia due to synchronized neural activation.
    • Paresthesia negatively impacts patient comfort and treatment adherence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To computationally investigate the mechanisms of paresthesia reduction with different SCS waveforms.
    • To compare activation thresholds and neural fidelity across conventional, FAST, and burst waveforms.
    • To provide insights for optimizing SCS waveform design for improved patient comfort.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a modified McIntyre-Richardson-Grill (MRG) axon model via the PyFibers Python package.
    • Simulated neural responses to bipolar stimulation with varying pulse widths (0.2 ms, 1 ms) and charge-balancing methods.
    • Evaluated activation thresholds, short-term fidelity, and action potential patterns.

    Main Results:

    • Burst waveforms demonstrated lower activation thresholds, especially for smaller fibers.
    • Burst stimulation exhibited reduced neural fidelity (43-53%) compared to conventional/FAST (100%) at higher amplitudes.
    • Voltage heat maps revealed irregular, de-synchronized intraburst firing patterns for burst SCS.

    Conclusions:

    • Irregular firing patterns and lower fidelity in burst SCS provide a mechanistic basis for reduced paresthesia.
    • Burst SCS offers a potential paresthesia-free alternative for pain management, balancing efficacy and comfort.
    • Optimizing SCS waveforms requires careful consideration of the trade-off between analgesia and neural synchronization.