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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Creating accurate brain templates for deep brain stimulation (DBS) requires careful consideration of cohort size. This study found that approximately 44 subjects provide an optimal balance for generating reliable anatomical references for movement disorder research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurosurgery
    • Medical Imaging
    • Computational Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Probabilistic mapping of deep brain stimulation (DBS) effects often relies on external anatomical references like the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) template.
    • Generating group-specific templates can mitigate external anatomical bias in DBS studies.
    • The influence of cohort size on the quality of these group-specific anatomical references remains an area for investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of varying cohort sizes on the creation of group-specific anatomical templates for movement disorders.
    • To determine the optimal cohort size for generating high-quality, low-variability anatomical references for DBS research.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized pre-operative MRI data from 70 patients with DBS implants.
    • Employed an iterative non-linear normalization pipeline to generate anatomical templates.
    • Assessed template variability using Dice overlap metrics for anatomical structures across different cohort sizes (5 to 67 subjects).

    Main Results:

    • Templates generated using 44 subjects demonstrated an optimal balance between anatomical variability and precision.
    • Significant differences in template quality were observed based on cohort size and iterative registration methods (Tukey's HSD test).

    Conclusions:

    • Cohort size is a critical factor in developing high-quality, group-specific anatomical templates for DBS applications.
    • Iterative registration methods combined with an optimal cohort size enhance the reliability of anatomical references in movement disorder studies.