Successful Improvement in Lung Screening Enrollment for Women Undergoing Breast Screening-The CALM Study (Coordinate...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Lung cancer screening (LCS) uptake remains low despite clear scientific evidence of benefit and recommendations for screening from leading organizations. In a previous US study, 58% of LCS-eligible women reported having a mammogram within 2 years compared with only 7.9% who underwent LCS, suggesting an opportunity to improve LCS uptake.

Mammography participants from November 2019 to December 2022 at two academic hospitals (site A and site B) were evaluated for potential LCS eligibility. Outreach was conducted to potentially eligible participants and referring providers to confirm eligibility and offer LCS. Women with metastatic malignancy or already enrolled in LCS were excluded. Historical enrollment rates at each site were used to predict successful implementation of enrollment strategies. Targeted outreach was performed for 12 months at each site.

Of 32,165 mammography participants reviewed, 1,569 women (4.9%) were confirmed eligible with chart review for LCS and 1,089 of the 1,569 women (69%) had not previously undergone LCS. A significant increase in total LCS examinations among women during the study period was observed at both institutions. Baseline LCS scans in women increased from 12 and 28 scans per month at the two institutions, respectively, in the prestudy period to 18 and 38 scans per month during the study period (P = .0038 and .0125, respectively). There was no corresponding significant change in baseline LCS scans among men at either institution over the same time frame.

Identifying women eligible for LCS through screening mammography programs is an opportunity to increase lung screening enrollment. The tactics employed identified women eligible for LCS from the screening mammography population and demonstrated a significant increase in LCS examinations in women.