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Structural-Level Stigma Within Emergency Food Assistance Programs: Perspectives from Delaware and Pennsylvania.

McKenna M Halverson1, Evyn Y Appel1, Valerie A Earnshaw2

  • 1Center for Research in Education and Social Policy, University of Delaware.

Delaware Journal of Public Health
|December 4, 2025
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Summary

Structural stigma in emergency food programs limits client access and food quality, eroding dignity. Addressing these systemic barriers is crucial for equitable food assistance.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Food Security Studies

Background:

  • Structural stigma presents significant challenges within emergency food programs.
  • Understanding these manifestations is key to improving food assistance systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize how structural stigma appears in emergency food program settings.
  • To identify client experiences related to access and quality.

Main Methods:

  • Semi-structured interviews with 18 emergency food program clients.
  • Qualitative analysis using a hybrid inductive and deductive coding approach.
  • Data collected on demographics and household food insecurity.

Main Results:

  • Structural stigma impacts access (long waits, limited choice, physical accessibility) and quality (expired/inappropriate food).
  • These issues diminish client autonomy, dignity, and increase feelings of shame.
  • Client experiences highlight systemic barriers within food assistance.

Conclusions:

  • Interventions like assessing stigma, setting quality standards, and increasing funding can reduce structural stigma.
  • Direct distribution channels and revised tax incentives are potential strategies.
  • Addressing accessibility and quality barriers is vital for equitable food systems.