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Measuring intimate relationship self-stigma in serious mental illness: scale development and validation.

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A new scale, the Intimate Relationship Self-Stigma Scale (IRSS), was developed to measure self-stigma in romantic relationships for individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). The IRSS shows good reliability and validity, aiding recovery-oriented care.

Keywords:
Serious mental illnessintimate relationshipsscale developmentscale validationself-stigma

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) experience pervasive stigma impacting their intimate lives.
  • No existing tools specifically address self-stigma within romantic relationships for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Intimate Relationship Self-Stigma Scale (IRSS).
  • To assess the structural and construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the IRSS.

Main Methods:

  • The IRSS was co-constructed with peer support workers living with SMI.
  • A bipolar semantic differential format was used to capture self-stigmatizing beliefs and positive self-perceptions.
  • 150 participants with SMI completed the IRSS online, alongside measures of internalized stigma, self-esteem, and romantic functioning.

Main Results:

  • Exploratory factor analyses supported a four-factor structure (Disclosure Effects, Self-Attractiveness, Stability, Intimacy Needs), explaining 48.6% of the variance.
  • Subscales demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (ω = .69-.87) and test-retest reliability (ICC = .79-.93).
  • The IRSS showed expected correlations with related constructs.

Conclusions:

  • The IRSS provides a comprehensive assessment of internalized stigma in romantic contexts, including positive self-perceptions.
  • This scale addresses a critical gap in recovery-oriented mental health care.
  • Further validation, including confirmatory factor analyses and cross-cultural assessments, is recommended.