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Stochastic environments and migrating population dynamics.

Yogesh Trivedi1, Anushaya Mohapatra1

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, K K Birla Goa Campus, Pilani Zuarinagar Sancoale, 403726, Goa, India.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental stochasticity significantly impacts partially migrating populations. Fluctuations can either promote or hinder population persistence, influencing migration as an evolutionarily stable strategy.

Keywords:
Basic reproduction numberEvolutionary stable strategyPartial igrationRandom environmental variableStochastic adaptive dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Population Dynamics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Environmental stochasticity introduces random fluctuations affecting population dynamics, persistence, and adaptive strategies.
  • Partial migration, where only a fraction of a population migrates, is a common phenomenon influenced by environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the effects of environmental fluctuations and disturbances on partially migrating populations using discrete time stochastic models.
  • Determine thresholds for population persistence and extinction under varying environmental conditions.
  • Explore conditions under which partial migration evolves as an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS).

Main Methods:

  • Developed discrete time stochastic population models incorporating density-dependent fertility and episodic disturbance events.
  • Derived the stochastic growth rate using the dominant Lyapunov exponent to establish persistence thresholds.
  • Applied the framework to temperature-dependent fertility functions to analyze climate-driven impacts.

Main Results:

  • Environmental stochasticity can either enhance or reduce the persistence of partially migratory populations.
  • The impact of stochasticity depends on the nature of disturbances and the distribution of environmental variability.
  • Numerical simulations confirmed that extreme events, like climatic shocks, shape migration patterns and population structure.

Conclusions:

  • Partial migration dynamics are complex and sensitive to environmental stochasticity and disturbances.
  • The study provides a framework for predicting population responses to environmental changes, particularly in the context of climate variability.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for conservation efforts in a changing world.