A Methodological Case Study for Integrating Virtual Reality and 3D Photogrammetry: A Pilot Digital Platform for...

Mangroves are ecologically vital ecosystems that present unique logistical challenges for field-based environmental education and research due to seasonal tidal fluctuations, difficult muddy terrain, and visitor safety considerations. Balancing sustainable conservation with accessible site exploration requires innovative approaches. To address these constraints, we developed a pilot multimodal platform to demonstrate the technical feasibility of integrating virtual reality (VR) and 3D photogrammetry as core methodological components for environmental representation. This interactive platform constructs virtual walking trails across two ecologically significant mangrove stands in Hong Kong, one within a Ramsar Site and another within a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). These sites serve as methodological testbeds to showcase how immersive digital environments can realistically represent complex, restricted terrains without geographical or temporal limitations. The virtual trails incorporate high-resolution 3D models of representative mangrove flora and fauna (e.g., plants, snails and crabs), allowing users to examine intricate morphological details. Supplementary high-resolution visual media of species and habitats are embedded to construct a comprehensive multimodal environment. As a methodological case study, this work establishes the practical workflow for combining VR and 3D photogrammetry. The resulting pilot platform now awaits future empirical testing to evaluate its potential efficacy and value for environmental education in sensitive ecosystems.