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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...

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Intrathecal Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides in the Rat Central Nervous System

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Published on: October 29, 2019

A Novel Long-Term Intrathecal Cannulation Technique in Rats: L5-L6 Approach With Cervical Externalization for Chronic

Wen-Ming Zhou^1,2, Kai Zhang^1,2, Yong-Qiang Shi^1,2

¹The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, Gansu, China.

Journal of Integrative Neuroscience

|December 6, 2025

Summary

This study presents a novel, rapid, and reliable method for long-term intrathecal catheter placement in rats using a PTFE catheter via the L5-L6 approach, achieving 100% patency. The technique minimizes surgical complications and inflammation, enabling effective drug delivery for research.

Keywords:

catheters, indwelling infusions, spinal lumbar vertebrae pain perception polytetrafluoroethylene

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A Modified Method for Intrathecal Catheterization in Rats

A Modified Method for Intrathecal Catheterization in Rats

Published on: February 14, 2025

Area of Science:

Neuroscience research
Surgical techniques
Pharmacology

Background:

Current intrathecal catheterization methods in rats are complex and prone to blockage.
There is a need for simpler, faster, and more reliable long-term intrathecal catheter placement techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel, simplified, and reliable method for long-term intrathecal catheter placement in rats.
To assess the safety, efficacy, and patency of the new technique over a 12-week period.

Main Methods:

A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) catheter was inserted into the cauda equina via the L5-L6 intervertebral space in 50 Sprague-Dawley rats.
The catheter was tunneled subcutaneously to the dorsal neck, and its patency and function were assessed over 12 weeks.
Evaluations included behavioral testing, functional assessments, lidocaine testing, and immunofluorescence analysis for inflammation.

Main Results:

The novel surgical technique demonstrated a 93.3% first-attempt success rate and averaged 7.2 minutes per surgery.
100% catheter patency was maintained throughout the 12-week study period without significant chronic inflammation or neuronal damage.
Functional tests confirmed accurate drug delivery and dose-dependent inflammatory responses, with no adverse behavioral effects on pain sensitivity.

Conclusions:

The L5-L6 intrathecal catheterization technique using PTFE material offers a simplified, faster, and highly reliable method for long-term drug delivery in rat models.
This technique minimizes surgical risks and maintains catheter patency, providing a valuable tool for preclinical research.
Further studies are warranted to explore its application in diverse pharmacological contexts.