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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

A Precision Medicine Tool for Measurement and Monitoring of Hemoglobin S in Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy
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Risk assessment tools for predicting transfusion in surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abril Seyahian1, Martin Taylor-Rowan1, Clareece Nevill2

  • 1Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

Health Technology Assessment (Winchester, England)
|December 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Current surgical prediction tools for blood transfusions are not suitable for clinical use due to high risk of bias and limited validation. Further research is needed to improve accuracy and assess cost-effectiveness for better blood management.

Keywords:
BLOOD LOSSPROGNOSISSURGERY

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Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Surgical outcomes
  • Health technology assessment

Background:

  • The United Kingdom faces blood shortages, highlighting the need for improved prediction of surgical blood requirements.
  • Assessing the accuracy of existing tools for identifying patients needing perioperative blood transfusions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive accuracy of tools designed to identify patients requiring blood transfusion during the perioperative period.
  • To synthesize evidence on the performance of prediction tools for surgical blood requirement.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases (Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, etc.) from 2000 to July 2023.
  • Included studies developed or validated prediction tools for early perioperative blood requirement (48 hours).
  • Risk of bias, discrimination (AUC), and calibration were assessed using established frameworks (PROBAST, GRADE) and meta-analysis/meta-regression.

Main Results:

  • 50 papers described 67 prediction tools, most with high risk of bias and limited external validation.
  • Discrimination (AUC) ranged from 0.49 to 0.96; only two surgery-specific tools (McClusky Index, Papworth Bleeding Risk Score) had pooled data, both with 'very low' certainty.
  • Meta-regression indicated fewer variables, longer time from surgery, and independent validation were associated with lower accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • No currently available prediction tools are suitable for predicting blood transfusion needs in surgical practice.
  • Significant limitations exist regarding the quality of evidence and the external validation of most tools.
  • Further implementation and cost-effectiveness studies are required for promising tools.