3D-Printed Multifunctional Hydrogel for Integrated Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Infrared Stealth, and
Jianshe Hao1,2,3, Song Hu2,4, Di Liu2,4
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 6, 2025
Summary
This study presents a novel 3D-printable hydrogel with integrated electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, infrared stealth, and motion sensing capabilities. The advanced material offers a flexible, lightweight solution for next-generation wearable electronics and thermal camouflage applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Traditional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials lack flexibility and multifunctionality.
- Integrating multiple functions into hydrogels via simple fabrication is challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- Develop a one-pot synthesized, 3D-printable hydrogel with EMI shielding, infrared stealth, and wearable sensing.
- Overcome limitations of conventional conductive fillers and hydrogel systems.
Main Methods:
- One-pot synthesis of an ionic liquid (EBIB)-based conductive hydrogel.
- Vat photopolymerization 3D printing for tailored topological structures.
- Characterization of EMI shielding, infrared thermal transmission, adhesion, and sensing performance.
Main Results:
- Achieved 34.5 dB EMI shielding efficiency in the X-band.
- Demonstrated effective infrared stealth, limiting temperature increase to 24°C on a 100°C hot stage.
- Exhibited high strain sensitivity (GF=5.282), fast response (165 ms), and good cycling stability for motion sensing.
Conclusions:
- The multifunctional hydrogel integrates EMI shielding, infrared camouflage, and wearable sensing in a single 3D-printable system.
- Offers a competitive material solution for advanced wearable electronics and sensors.
- EBIB as a conductive medium enhances conductivity and interfacial polarization for superior performance.
