Novel Scoring System Using Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, C-Reactive Protein, and Disease Status Predicts Survival...

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Geriatrics
• Nutrition

Background:

• Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT2) offers curative potential for relapsed hematological malignancies but has historically poor outcomes.
• Identifying reliable prognostic factors is crucial for improving patient management and survival rates after SCT2.

Purpose of the Study:

• To validate the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) as a prognostic factor for SCT2 outcomes.
• To develop and validate a novel scoring system for predicting SCT2 outcomes using GNRI, disease status, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Main Methods:

• A multicenter retrospective analysis of 376 patients who underwent SCT2 between 2004 and 2020.
• Multivariate analysis to identify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS).
• Development and validation of a risk stratification scoring system.

Main Results:

• GNRI, disease status, and CRP levels were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS.
• Patients with high GNRI (≥92.0) showed significantly better 3-year OS (36.0% vs. 14.3%) and lower non-relapse mortality (27.2% vs. 50.9%).
• The novel scoring system stratified patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups with distinct 3-year OS rates (50.7%, 29.5%, and 11.1%, respectively).

Conclusions:

• Nutritional status, as assessed by GNRI, significantly impacts SCT2 outcomes.
• The developed scoring system provides a practical tool for risk classification and optimizing treatment strategies in SCT2.
• Further research is warranted to evaluate interventions based on this risk stratification approach.