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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

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A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied...
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Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

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In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the...
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¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

1.6K
When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Applications of the Single-probe: Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Single Cell Analysis under Ambient Conditions
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Additive fabrication for NMR probe builders.

Jose L Uribe1, Annie V McAllister1, Rachel W Martin2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine 92697-2025, United States of America.

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
|December 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing revolutionizes nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrumentation by enabling custom component fabrication. This technology accelerates NMR system development and broadens research applications through cost-effective, in-house solutions.

Keywords:
3D printingAdditive fabricationNMR instrumentationNMR probeRadiofrequency circuit

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Instrumentation

Background:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) instrumentation traditionally faces design and manufacturing constraints.
  • Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, offers a flexible alternative for creating custom NMR components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of 3D printing in fabricating NMR instrumentation.
  • To discuss various 3D printing techniques and their relevance to NMR.
  • To explore the future impact of 3D printing on NMR research.

Main Methods:

  • Summarized common 3D printing techniques: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA) for polymers, and Selective Laser Melting for metals.
  • Reviewed the use of these techniques for creating NMR components like magic angle spinning assemblies and sample handling devices.

Main Results:

  • 3D printing provides flexibility in designing and fabricating custom NMR tools.
  • It enables rapid prototyping, accelerating the development and optimization of NMR systems.
  • In-house 3D printing offers cost-effective solutions, bypassing traditional manufacturing limitations.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing is a transformative technology for NMR instrumentation, enhancing experimental capabilities.
  • It democratizes access to advanced NMR tools and fosters innovation through sharing and remixing.
  • The technology promises to broaden NMR applications across diverse scientific fields.