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Modelling the Future Dental Therapists Within Malaysian Clinician Dental Workforce Using System Dynamics
Noor Azhani Zakaria1, Norintan Ab-Murat2, Muhd Firdaus Che Musa3
1Kota Kinabalu Area Dental Office, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
International Journal of Dental Hygiene
|December 7, 2025
Summary
Future Malaysian dental workforce planning is crucial. Modelling shows increased demand for dentists and dental therapists, but potential oversupply in some areas and undersupply in others necessitates policy review.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Health Workforce Planning
- Dental Public Health
Background:
- The revised Malaysian Dental Act allows dental therapists to practice in private settings.
- Accurate dental workforce modelling is essential for meeting population needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model the future dental workforce in Malaysia.
- To assess the impact of the revised Dental Act on dental therapists' roles.
- To project dental care demand and supply across public and private sectors until 2030.
Main Methods:
- A validated systems dynamics model was employed.
- Simulations integrated population need, demand, and supply data (2015-2030).
- Clinical hours were used to convert projected needs into workforce numbers for dentists and dental therapists.
Main Results:
- Projected increase in demand for Malaysian dentists (27.2%) and dental therapists (2.6%).
- Potential oversupply of public dental therapists and private dentists by 2025.
- Anticipated undersupply of public dentists throughout the simulation period.
Conclusions:
- A significant mismatch exists between dental care demand and workforce supply.
- Further scrutiny of regulations for dental therapists in the private sector is recommended.
- Findings inform future dental workforce policy and planning in Malaysia.
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