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Variations in US county-level trends in buprenorphine use, 2018-2022.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Buprenorphine prescriptions for opioid use disorder (OUD) increased in some US counties but declined in others. Declining use was linked to higher overdose deaths, while increasing use correlated with rural areas and nurse practitioner prescribing.

Keywords:
buprenorphinecountyopioid crisisopioid use disorderprescriptiontrends

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pharmacology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • National buprenorphine prescription trends for opioid use disorder (OUD) plateaued despite rising overdose deaths.
  • County-level analysis may reveal insights into OUD treatment access and trends.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Analyze county-level trends in buprenorphine treatment for OUD in the US from 2018-2022.
  • Identify factors associated with varying buprenorphine prescription use trends across counties.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of retail pharmacy dispensing data (2018-2022).
  • Iterative hierarchical cluster analysis to group counties by buprenorphine prescription trends.
  • Comparison of county characteristics between clusters using standardized mean differences.

Main Results:

  • Buprenorphine prescriptions increased in 28% of US counties but declined in 50% from 2021-2022.
  • Counties with declining use had higher opioid overdose death rates and unemployment.
  • Counties with increasing use had higher rural populations and nurse practitioner prescribing.

Conclusions:

  • Buprenorphine use for OUD increased in some US counties, particularly rural areas with more NP prescribing.
  • Declining buprenorphine use in other counties indicates persistent challenges in accessing OUD medication.
  • Addressing these disparities is crucial for mitigating the ongoing opioid crisis.