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Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
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Biobased Epoxy for Recyclable and High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Composites.

Yunchao Jia1,2,3, Hongyu Li1, Tong Chen1

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This study introduces a novel biobased epoxy resin for fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs). The developed material enables full recovery and reuse of both fibers and resin, enhancing sustainability in composite manufacturing.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sustainable Engineering

Background:

  • Fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) are crucial in aerospace and automotive industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratio.
  • Conventional epoxy resins, while high-performing, are petroleum-derived and thermoset, leading to recyclability issues and environmental concerns.
  • The unrecyclable nature of traditional composites hinders fiber recovery and perpetuates reliance on fossil fuels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sustainable, biobased epoxy resin for FRPCs.
  • To enable efficient recovery and reuse of reinforcing fibers and the epoxy matrix.
  • To demonstrate the potential for circularity in composite materials through advanced resin design.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a biobased epoxy resin incorporating dynamic covalent bonds from l-malic acid and sorbitol polyglycidyl ether.
  • Fabrication of FRPCs using the novel biobased epoxy resin and reinforcing fibers (carbon and basalt).
  • Development of a solution-based process for the recovery of reinforcing fibers and the epoxy resin.

Main Results:

  • The biobased epoxy resin and its FRPCs demonstrated mechanical performance comparable to or exceeding conventional petroleum-based systems.
  • Complete recovery of reinforcing fibers was achieved, allowing their reuse in new FRPCs without performance degradation.
  • The recovered resin solution was directly applicable to photocuring-based 3D printing, indicating versatile recyclability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed biobased epoxy resin offers a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based systems in FRPC applications.
  • The dynamic covalent chemistry facilitates a circular economy approach for composites, enabling material recovery and reuse.
  • This advancement supports environmentally conscious manufacturing in sectors relying on high-performance composite materials.