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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...

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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

gutMSNP: a comprehensive database for human gut microbial single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Kai Qian¹, Meiyu Du¹, Senwei Tan¹

¹College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang150081, China.

Nucleic Acids Research

|December 8, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiome harbors millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) crucial for microbial function and host health. The gutMSNP database offers a comprehensive resource for exploring these SNPs and their impact on gut microbial genomes.

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Last Updated: Jan 9, 2026

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Published on: October 15, 2019

Tick Microbiome Characterization by Next-Generation 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing

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Published on: March 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gut microbial genomes significantly influence microbial pathogenicity and host health.
Understanding these SNPs is vital for elucidating microbial functions and mechanisms in microbiota-driven disorders.
A large-scale, standardized SNP repository is essential for comprehensive analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce gutMSNP, a user-friendly database resource for human gut microbiome SNPs.
To provide a systematic and comprehensive collection of SNPs, their annotations, and associated data.
To offer integrated tools for SNP analysis within the gut microbiome.

Main Methods:

Identification and categorization of over 164 million SNPs across human gut microbial genomes.
Inclusion of species-level and gene-level microbial records with phenotype-specific SNP distribution patterns.
Integration of 8146 reference genomes and an online SNP capturing tool.

Main Results:

gutMSNP contains 164,015,783 SNPs across gut microbial genomes at three confidence levels.
The database includes 364 species-level and 8251 gene-level records detailing phenotype-specific SNP patterns.
8146 reference genomes are available, alongside tools for SNP searching, annotation, and analysis.

Conclusions:

gutMSNP serves as a fundamental resource for SNP-based research in the human gut microbiome.
The database facilitates detailed investigations into microbial functions and host-microbe interactions.
Its comprehensive dataset and analytical tools empower researchers in microbiome studies.