[Research advances on mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in pulmonary hypertension]

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex disease characterized by progressive elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling, which is notoriously difficult to treat and often leads to right heart failure and poor long-term prognosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that the physical connection between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria forms specialized domains known as mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM). Aberrations in the quantity, structure, or function of MAM are closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of PH. This review systematically summarizes the structural features and multifunctional roles of MAM in the pathophysiological processes of PH, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms by which MAM regulate key biological processes, including calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The aim is to provide a scientific basis for understanding the role of MAM in PH and to identify novel therapeutic targets.