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Related Concept Videos

Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions01:21

Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions

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In cold weather, masonry construction requires specific precautions to ensure mortar does not freeze before curing, as this can significantly weaken its strength and watertightness. Mortar temperature should be maintained between 60°F and 80°F to support proper hydration and curing. Below 40°F, mortar water must be heated, but should not exceed 120°F as high temperatures can reduce mortar's compressive and bond strength.
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Concreting at elevated temperatures accelerates the hydration process, leading to quicker setting but potentially reducing the long-term strength of the concrete structure. Additionally, low air humidity fosters rapid moisture loss from the concrete, resulting in reduced workability, pronounced plastic shrinkage, and a higher likelihood of crazing.
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There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
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Concrete's susceptibility to frost damage during freeze-thaw cycles demands strategic measures to enhance its frost resistance. Employing techniques like air entrainment, adjusting the water-cement ratio, proper curing, and selecting appropriate aggregates are essential.
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Development of an Inorganic Weather-Resistance Composite Fabric for Efficient Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling

Yangmo Liu1, Weihao Zhai1, Qingxue Wang1

  • 1College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a flexible inorganic silica nanofiber membrane for passive radiative cooling. This durable, cost-effective material achieves significant temperature reduction under sunlight, offering a scalable solution for building heat dissipation.

Keywords:
composite fabricelectrospinninginorganic fiberradiative coolingweather resistance

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Thermal Engineering

Background:

  • Passive radiative cooling materials are crucial for sustainable thermal management.
  • Existing solutions often involve complex fabrication, high costs, or limited durability.
  • Inorganic materials offer potential for stable and efficient radiative cooling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a flexible, inorganic silica nanofiber membrane for passive radiative cooling.
  • To evaluate its performance under direct sunlight.
  • To assess its suitability for building surface applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of silica nanofibers using electrospinning.
  • Characterization of material properties, including spectral reflectance and emissivity.
  • Performance testing under direct sunlight to measure temperature reduction and cooling power density.

Main Results:

  • The silica nanofiber membrane exhibits high solar spectral reflectance and mid-infrared spectral emissivity.
  • Achieved a temperature reduction of 7-8 °C under direct sunlight.
  • Demonstrated an average radiative cooling power density of 66 W/m2.
  • The membrane is flexible, weather-resistant, and produced via a simple, scalable process.

Conclusions:

  • The developed flexible inorganic silica nanofiber membrane is a promising material for passive radiative cooling.
  • Offers a cost-effective, durable, and scalable alternative to existing technologies.
  • Provides new insights into enhancing daytime passive radiative cooling using inorganic materials for building applications.