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Updated: May 9, 2026

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Decoding Lager Beer Acceptability in Low-Flavor-Liking Consumers Using Targeted and Untargeted Flavoromics

Edisson Tello1, Joel Borcherding1, Megan Booth1

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Summary

Flavoromics identified key compounds influencing lager beer preference. This research helps brewers understand and control beer flavor profiles to meet consumer liking for low-intensity tastes.

Keywords:
consumer acceptabilityflavoromicslager beerlow-flavor-liking consumersvolatile and nonvolatile chemical profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Consumer liking for lager beer varies significantly, with distinct preferences for flavor intensity.
  • Understanding the chemical basis of these preferences is crucial for product development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific chemical compounds in lager beer that correlate with consumer liking.
  • To develop predictive models linking beer chemistry to sensory perception and preference.

Main Methods:

  • A flavoromics approach combining untargeted and targeted analyses of 18 lager beer samples.
  • Utilized orthogonal partial least-squares regression, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS).
  • Cluster analysis segmented consumers based on flavor intensity liking.

Main Results:

  • Two consumer segments were identified: one preferring lower flavor intensity and another preferring higher.
  • Predictive models showed high accuracy (R²Y ≥ 0.89, Q² ≥ 0.82) in linking chemical profiles to liking.
  • Eleven compounds were identified as key predictors of liking, with three positive and eight negative correlations.

Conclusions:

  • This study successfully identified key chemical contributors to flavor liking in lager beers.
  • The integrated flavoromics methodology provides a framework for targeted product improvement.
  • Findings enable brewers to manipulate beer composition to enhance consumer preference.