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Green-synthesized superparamagnetic and biocompatible Fe3O4 nanoparticles for memristive and synaptic bioelectronics
Rachana R Tayshete1, Kasturi A Rokade1, Yash V Ambole1
1School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India.
Scientific Reports
|December 9, 2025
Summary
Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) using plant extract yielded superparamagnetic nanoparticles. These biocompatible IONPs show potential for anticancer therapy and advanced bioelectronic devices, mimicking synaptic functions for memory applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) possess unique physical, chemical, and biological properties driving diverse applications.
- Green synthesis offers an environmentally friendly approach to nanoparticle production.
- Averrhoa carambola (star fruit) leaf extract is explored as a novel reducing agent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To achieve green synthesis of superparamagnetic IONPs using Averrhoa carambola leaf extract.
- To characterize the synthesized IONPs and evaluate their biocompatibility and anticancer potential.
- To fabricate and assess the performance of a memristor device using IONPs for bioelectronic applications.
Main Methods:
- Green synthesis of IONPs utilizing Averrhoa carambola leaf extract.
- Spectroscopic and imaging techniques for characterization (e.g., size, superparamagnetism).
- In vitro cytotoxicity assays on cell lines (HEK293, MDA-MB-231) and fabrication of Ag/Fe3O4/FTO memristor devices.
Main Results:
- Superparamagnetic IONPs (10-20 nm) were successfully synthesized via green chemistry.
- IONPs demonstrated biocompatibility with HEK293 cells and cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells (IC50 = 979.78 µg/mL).
- The fabricated Ag/Fe3O4/FTO memristor exhibited robust non-volatile memory characteristics and mimicked synaptic functions.
Conclusions:
- Green synthesis provides an efficient route to biocompatible, superparamagnetic IONPs.
- Synthesized IONPs hold promise as anticancer agents and for bioelectronic applications.
- The IONP-based memristor demonstrates potential for advanced non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing.
