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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

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Gingival Verruciform Xanthoma: A Rare Case Report With Updated Insights Into Pathogenesis.

J Jeevarathan1, S Leena Sankari2, Mohammed A Assiri3

  • 1Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, bharathuniv.ac.in.

Case Reports in Dentistry
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a rare oral lesion that can mimic other conditions. This case report details a gingival VX in a teenager, emphasizing accurate diagnosis of papillary lesions.

Keywords:
gingivaoral mucosaxanthoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Pathology
  • Dermatology
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon reactive lesion of the oral mucosa.
  • It can clinically resemble other papillary or verrucous hyperplastic conditions, posing diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of gingival verruciform xanthoma in an adolescent.
  • To highlight the diagnostic considerations for papillary oral lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination of a painless papillary gingival lesion.
  • Excisional biopsy and subsequent histopathological analysis.

Main Results:

  • Histopathology confirmed verruciform xanthoma with hyperkeratosis, elongated rete ridges, papillary projections, and foam cells.
  • The patient showed no recurrence after 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Verruciform xanthoma should be recognized as a distinct entity in the differential diagnosis of oral papillary lesions.
  • The case underscores the importance of histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis.