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Blood urea nitrogen and bladder cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.

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High blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels show a causal link to bladder cancer (BC). This Mendelian randomization study suggests elevated BUN may increase BC risk, aiding in identifying high-risk individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Bladder cancer (BC) poses a significant health burden.
  • Understanding risk factors like blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is crucial for early detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels and bladder cancer (BC).
  • To identify high-risk groups for bladder cancer screening.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
  • Employed inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WME), and MR Egger regression methods.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses using Cochran Q, MR Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out, and funnel plots.

Main Results:

  • Inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis indicated a significant causal effect of BUN on BC (OR=1.0016, P < .05).
  • Weighted median (WME) analysis supported this association.
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness and reliability of the findings, with no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy detected.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are causally associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer (BC).
  • Findings provide valuable insights for the prevention and treatment strategies of bladder cancer.