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This study found that myopia is linked to a higher risk of mental disorders, including anxiety and depression. The findings suggest a potential two-way influence between myopia and mental health conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Myopia and mental disorders share common risk factors, but previous research on their association is inconsistent.
  • Understanding the relationship between myopia and mental health is crucial due to shared environmental and behavioral influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze existing literature to explore the association between myopia and mental disorders.
  • To quantify the risk of mental disorders in individuals with myopia and vice versa.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley, Cochrane) was conducted for studies published between January 2000 and July 2024.
  • Included studies assessed the relationship between myopia and any mental disorder.
  • Random-effects models were used to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Main Results:

  • Fifteen articles involving over 2.8 million participants revealed that myopia is significantly associated with an increased risk of mental disorders (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.59).
  • Eight articles with nearly 2 million participants showed a significant relationship between mental disorders and myopia (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.29).
  • Subgroup analyses confirmed significant associations between myopia and anxiety (OR = 1.49) and depression (OR = 1.33).

Conclusions:

  • Myopia and mental disorders may have a reciprocal influence, with each condition potentially increasing the risk of the other.
  • The findings highlight a complex interplay between visual health and mental well-being, warranting further investigation.