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Utilization Patterns in an Urban Direct Primary Care Model: A Case Study.
Adelola Ashaye1, Patrick Dang2, Omolola E Adepoju2,3
1InTouch Primary Care, Sugar Land, TX, USA.
Journal of Primary Care & Community Health
|December 10, 2025
Summary
Direct Primary Care (DPC) shows that longer subscriptions increase patient engagement and provider interactions. However, cost and urban access may limit equity in this healthcare model.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Delivery Models
- Primary Care Innovation
- Health Equity Research
Background:
- Direct Primary Care (DPC) presents a patient-centered healthcare alternative.
- Urban DPC models face challenges in equity and accessibility.
- This study investigates DPC utilization and engagement in Houston, Texas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze DPC utilization patterns in an urban setting.
- To assess the impact of subscription duration on patient-provider interactions.
- To identify factors influencing DPC engagement.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of deidentified DPC clinic data (Jan 2023-Jan 2024).
- Collection of patient demographics, subscription details, and interaction data.
- Descriptive statistics and logistic regression for utilization analysis.
Main Results:
- The study sample was predominantly urban (79%), female (77%), and Non-Hispanic Black (71%).
- Longer DPC subscription durations (≥21 months) correlated with higher patient engagement (chart interactions, appointments).
- Subscription duration was a significant predictor of DPC utilization; other demographics were not.
Conclusions:
- Sustained DPC enrollment enhances patient engagement and provider interaction frequency.
- DPC can improve patient-provider relationships.
- Cost and urban accessibility remain potential barriers to DPC equity.
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