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Comparative and Optimized Chemical Synthesis of AgNPs for Improved Surface Reactivity and Potential Biosensing
Alexandra Nicolae-Maranciuc1,2,3, Ioana Andreea Brezestean4,5, Septimiu-Cassian Tripon6,7
1Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 10, 2025
Summary
Optimizing silver nanoparticle synthesis is key for effective biosensing. Using less reducing agent and moderate stabilizing agent yields superior nanoparticles for detecting analytes at low concentrations.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess unique optical, electrical, and biological properties.
- AgNPs show significant promise for advanced biosensing applications.
- Synthesis parameters critically influence AgNP properties for targeted applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize silver nanoparticles via chemical reduction.
- To optimize synthesis by varying reducing (sodium borohydride) and stabilizing (trisodium citrate) agent volumes.
- To evaluate synthesized AgNPs for enhanced biosensing performance.
Main Methods:
- Chemical reduction synthesis of AgNPs using varying volumes of sodium borohydride and trisodium citrate.
- Characterization using UV-VIS spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and FT-IR spectroscopy.
- Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) and bulk sensitivity measurements.
- Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) biosensing assays.
Main Results:
- Successful synthesis of AgNPs with average diameters of 21-27 nm confirmed by TEM.
- High homogeneity observed for AgNPs synthesized with 20 and 50 μL of trisodium citrate.
- FT-IR confirmed trisodium citrate functionalization on AgNP surfaces.
- LSPR biosensing demonstrated detection of para-aminothiophenol down to 10-7 M.
Conclusions:
- Synthesis parameters, specifically the ratio of reducing to stabilizing agents, significantly impact AgNP properties.
- Optimized AgNP synthesis using reduced sodium borohydride and moderate trisodium citrate yields superior materials for biosensing.
- The developed AgNPs exhibit excellent sensitivity for detecting target molecules.
