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Nursing students' artificial intelligence (AI) literacy, AI self-efficacy and AI self-competency: A cross-sectional
Daniel Joseph E Berdida1, Rizal Angelo N Grande2, Reham Moharam Serag3
1Nursing Department, North Private College of Nursing, Arar, Northern Border, Saudi Arabia.
Aims:
To examine the interrelationships among artificial intelligence (AI) literacy, AI self-efficacy and AI self-competency and to investigate the mediating role of AI self-efficacy.
Background:
AI literacy is increasingly explored in primary and higher education, yet remains underexamined in nursing. In particular, the role of AI self-efficacy as a mediator between AI literacy and AI self-competency has not been fully established.
Design:
A cross-sectional, correlational study.
Methods:
A total of 434 nursing students were consecutively recruited. Data were collected from November 2024 to February 2025 using three standardized self-report scales. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data.
Results:
Nursing students' AI literacy positively influenced on AI self-efficacy (β=0.54, p = 0.001) and AI self-competency (β=0.13, p = 0.003). AI self-efficacy directly associated with AI self-competency (β=0.64, p = 0.001). AI literacy had indirect positive effect on AI self-competency (β=0.34, p = 0.001) through the mediating effect of AI self-efficacy. AI literacy explained 28.85 % of the variance of AI self-efficacy, while both AI literacy and AI self-efficacy measured 50.98 % of the explained variance of AI self-competency.
Conclusion:
This study found that nursing students' AI literacy significantly correlated with both AI self-efficacy and AI self-competency. Moreover, AI self-efficacy functioned as a mediator, amplifying the effect of AI literacy on self-competency. Nursing colleges and educators may strengthen students' AI literacy and competence by fostering AI self-efficacy through targeted, integrated educational strategies.
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