The Ins and Outs of Neonatal Orthopedic Disorders: Back to Basics

The skeletal system of neonates may have intrinsic or acquired differences. Challenges that arise in the neonatal period include growth concerns affected by calcium and phosphorus, positional or developmental concerns, or injuries, which could be isolated or related to genetics. Malformations, deformations, and disruptions can be present in any part of the body, from the skull to the feet. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief review of embryologic bone development, bone minerals, and orthopedic anomalies. Injuries and infections that affect the neonatal skeletal system are also discussed. Common orthopedic concerns are highlighted as a primer for novice neonatal caregivers.