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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

1.1K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
159
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
221
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

198
In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
198
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

412
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
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Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
747

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Influence of Emotional Factors on the Efficacy of Acupuncture Treatment for Overweight Complicated with Hyperlipidemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
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Obesity and Depression: A Pathophysiotoxic Relationship.

Francisco A Monsalve1, Barbra Fernández-Tapia2, Oscar C Arriagada1

  • 1Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity and major depressive disorder share biological pathways, including inflammation, neuroendocrine, metabolic, and gut-brain disruptions. Understanding these links is key for integrated treatment strategies.

Keywords:
HPA axisdepressioninflammationmetabolic dysfunctionmicrobiota-gut–brain axisneuroinflammationobesity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Obesity and major depressive disorder (MDD) are globally prevalent diseases with increasing incidence.
  • Epidemiological and molecular evidence suggests significant overlap in their underlying biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current evidence on the shared epidemiology and pathophysiology of obesity and MDD.
  • To emphasize convergent mechanisms including inflammation, neuroendocrine, metabolic, genetic, and gut-brain axes.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing epidemiological and molecular research.
  • Synthesis of evidence on bidirectional pathways linking obesity and depression.

Main Results:

  • Shared pathways include chronic low-grade inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation, metabolic and neurotrophic signaling deficits, lipid-derived neurotoxicity, and gut-brain axis perturbations.
  • These mechanisms contribute to neuroinflammation and mood dysregulation in individuals with obesity.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated management strategies are needed to address the interplay between obesity and MDD.
  • Future research should focus on shared biomarkers and personalized interventions using multi-omics and systems medicine.