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Trophoblast Function in Preeclampsia: Decoding the Mechanistic Roles of Coding and Non-Coding Genes.

Mihaela Oancea1, Stefan Strilciuc2, Oana Zanoaga2

  • 12nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preeclampsia involves abnormal trophoblast cell function, impacting placental development and maternal-fetal health. Understanding transcriptomic changes, including non-coding RNAs, offers new diagnostic and therapeutic avenues for this obstetric disorder.

Keywords:
non-coding biomarkerspreeclampsiatrophoblast dysfunction coding

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious obstetric disorder affecting maternal and fetal health, marked by hypertension and organ dysfunction.
  • Impaired trophoblast cell differentiation and function are central to PE pathogenesis, causing abnormal placental development and uterine vascular remodeling.
  • Dysfunctional placentation leads to oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune dysregulation, worsening PE severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current findings on transcriptomic alterations in trophoblast cells associated with preeclampsia.
  • To discuss the roles of non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in trophoblast gene regulation in PE.
  • To explore potential translational applications of these molecular insights for PE diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on transcriptomic studies in preeclampsia.
  • Analysis of gene expression networks regulated by non-coding RNAs in trophoblast cells.
  • Synthesis of findings related to trophoblast anomalies and their clinical implications.

Main Results:

  • Trophoblast cells exhibit significant transcriptomic alterations in preeclampsia.
  • Non-coding RNAs (miRNAs and circRNAs) are critical regulators of trophoblast function and maternal-fetal interactions.
  • These molecular changes contribute to the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding transcriptomic alterations in trophoblast cells is crucial for unraveling preeclampsia pathogenesis.
  • Non-coding RNA dysregulation presents potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.
  • Targeting these molecular pathways may lead to novel precision medicine and individualized therapies for preeclampsia.