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SAR-Constrained Wireless Power Transfer Modeling for an Implantable Optical Neurostimulator Sensors.

So-Hyun Cho1, Tahsin Nairuz1, Jong-Ha Lee1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized an implantable photonic stimulation device for efficient energy delivery and electromagnetic safety. The 660 nm wavelength with a 20° angle maximizes light absorption and penetration for neural stimulation.

Keywords:
implantable optical devicemultiphysics simulationneurostimulationoptical absorptionspecific absorption rate (SAR)wireless power transfer (WPT)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Photonics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Implantable photonic stimulation devices require optimization for energy efficiency and safety.
  • Wireless power transfer (WPT) is crucial for powering such devices.
  • Electromagnetic safety, assessed via Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), is a key consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine optimal operating conditions for an implantable photonic stimulation device.
  • To evaluate energy delivery efficiency and electromagnetic safety in biological tissues.
  • To assess the suitability of photonic stimulation for neural applications.

Main Methods:

  • COMSOL Multiphysics simulations were used to analyze light source parameters (wavelength, power, angle).
  • A 1.35 MHz RF coil was designed for wireless power transfer (WPT).
  • Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) simulations were performed adhering to international safety standards.

Main Results:

  • A 660 nm wavelength with a 20° incident angle maximized light absorption in the cerebellum and cerebrospinal fluid, ensuring deep tissue penetration.
  • The 660 nm wavelength showed optimal vascular reflectance for biosignal detection and neural stimulation.
  • SAR values were significantly below the safety threshold (average 0.0074 W/kg, peak 0.82 W/kg).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed device design meets optical performance and biocompatibility requirements.
  • The device is suitable for precision phototherapy and neurotherapeutic applications.
  • Optimized photonic stimulation offers a promising platform for future neural interventions.