Continuous Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Multiple Pesticide Residues in Pineapple

Pesticide residues are one of the key factors affecting food safety and human health. This study systematically monitored the pesticide residue levels in pineapples from major production regions in China and assessed the dietary exposure risks. A total of 387 samples were collected during the pineapple harvesting seasons from 2023 to 2025. The residues of 88 pesticides were detected using GC, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS. The results showed that 20 pesticides were detected, with detection rates of cypermethrin, carbendazim, and gibberellic acid exceeding 10%. Based on the Chinese National Standard GB 2763, the compliance rate of the samples was 98.71%. In the worst-case scenario, the ADI % for all population subgroups was less than 1%, the %ARfD was less than 60%, and the Hazard Index was less than 1.5%, far below the 100% risk threshold, indicating that the pesticide residue risk in pineapples is low and at an acceptable level.