Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

15.4K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
15.4K
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

6.2K
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...
6.2K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

627
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
627

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Proton RBE for in vivo model systems: LET and dose dependencies for early and late biological endpoints.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
Same author

Encouraging Local Control With Pediatric Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy.

Advances in radiation oncology·2026
Same author

Local Control and Survival Outcomes in Pediatric Nonrhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcoma: The Mayo Clinic Experience.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology·2026
Same author

Deep learning for dose-averaged linear energy transfer estimation in pencil-beam scanning and double scattering proton radiotherapy plans with uncertainty-aware external validation.

Physics and imaging in radiation oncology·2026
Same author

Outcomes following radiotherapy for atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor in combination with surgery and intensive chemotherapy: A report from Children's Oncology Group study ACNS0333.

Neuro-oncology pediatrics·2026
Same author

Six-month evaluation of normal mouse brain side effects: Comparing FLASH and conventional proton partial brain irradiation.

Clinical and translational radiation oncology·2026
Same journal

Validation of the Effectiveness of Visual Feedback Systems in Respiratory Gating Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy.

International journal of particle therapy·2026
Same journal

Emerging Outcome Trends From Proton Therapy for Pediatric CNS Tumors: A Systematic Review.

International journal of particle therapy·2026
Same journal

Biologically Effective Dose-Optimized Multi-Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy: A Biologically Comparable Alternative to Proton Arc Therapy.

International journal of particle therapy·2026
Same journal

Proton Therapy for Head and Neck Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Review.

International journal of particle therapy·2026
Same journal

Characterization of a Low-Energy Cyclotron-Based Proton Beam for Preclinical Radiobiological Studies.

International journal of particle therapy·2026
Same journal

Phenomenological Study of Intra-Spill Break Spots in Dose-Driven Continuous Scanning Proton Therapy.

International journal of particle therapy·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

20.6K

Relative Biological Effectiveness-Clinical Practice at US Proton Therapy Centers.

Armin Lühr1, Radhe Mohan2, Anita Mahajan3

  • 1Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany.

International Journal of Particle Therapy
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proton therapy centers are concerned about using a standard relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1, as its variability may impact treatment outcomes. Further research and standardized approaches are needed for accurate RBE in proton therapy.

Keywords:
Linear energy transferProton therapyRelative biological effectiveness

More Related Videos

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K
Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

20.6K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K
Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Proton therapy offers superior dose distribution but relies on a generic relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 for treatment planning.
  • Emerging evidence indicates RBE varies with dose, linear energy transfer (LET), and biological endpoints, potentially leading to underestimation of RBE-weighted dose.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess awareness and management of RBE variability in clinical practice within US proton therapy centers.
  • To identify current practices and future needs regarding RBE in proton therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A survey with 32 questions was distributed to 29 US proton therapy centers via the Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group - North America.
  • The survey covered awareness of RBE variability, practices to account for it, and future requirements.

Main Results:

  • An 80% response rate revealed significant apprehension regarding the assumption of a constant RBE of 1.1.
  • Centers report toxicities and recurrences potentially linked to RBE underestimation, despite using a fixed RBE of 1.1.
  • Nearly all centers consider RBE variability in beam arrangement; some perform LET and variable RBE calculations.

Conclusions:

  • There is a strong consensus on the need for multi-institutional databases, clinical evidence accumulation, and education on proton RBE.
  • Standardized approaches are lacking, leading to inconsistencies in proton therapy planning.
  • Developing consensus guidelines and integrating advanced RBE/LET models can enhance proton therapy precision and safety.