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Related Concept Videos

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate01:10

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate

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The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
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Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature01:23

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Heat is a widely used method to control microbial growth by targeting and denaturing cellular proteins, thereby killing or inactivating microbes. This method's effectiveness is quantified using parameters such as the thermal death point (TDP), thermal death time (TDT), and decimal reduction time (D value). TDP represents the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are eliminated within 10 minutes, whereas TDT is the time necessary to achieve sterilization at a...
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Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate01:20

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Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
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Curing Methods01:26

Curing Methods

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Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...
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Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth01:29

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Microbial growth control refers to various methods employed to inhibit, reduce, or eliminate microorganisms to ensure safety and hygiene across different settings. These methods are categorized based on the target environment and the level of microbial control required.Biocides are versatile agents designed to control microorganisms by either inhibiting their growth or outright killing them. These agents work through various physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological mechanisms. The...
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Drying Shrinkage01:21

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When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage.
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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Fabric Moisture Uniform Control to Study the Influence of Air Impingement Parameters on Fabric Drying Characteristics
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Impact of Various Moisture Control Methods on Intraoral Humidity.

Takashi Washino, Masaomi Ikeda, Michael F Burrow

    The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry
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    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Rubber dam and vacuum-assisted isolation effectively reduce intraoral humidity. However, high external humidity impacts moisture control, requiring clinicians to consider environmental conditions alongside isolation methods.

    Keywords:
    adhesive dentistryintraoral humiditymoisture controlrubber damvacuum-assisted isolation

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental materials science
    • Clinical dentistry
    • Biomedical engineering

    Background:

    • Maintaining a dry operating field is crucial for dental procedures.
    • Various moisture control methods exist, but their effectiveness can be influenced by environmental factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the efficacy of different dental moisture control techniques.
    • To assess the impact of external environmental humidity on intraoral humidity levels.

    Main Methods:

    • A crossover study involving 40 participants.
    • Measurement of intraoral relative humidity under four conditions: mouth breathing, rubber dam, vacuum-assisted isolation (ZOO), and saliva ejector.
    • Simultaneous recording of external environmental humidity (high or low).

    Main Results:

    • Rubber dam and vacuum-assisted isolation significantly reduced intraoral humidity compared to control and saliva ejector.
    • Both methods were most effective in low external humidity.
    • Vacuum-assisted isolation showed superior performance in high external humidity.
    • External humidity strongly correlated with intraoral humidity, especially with rubber dam use.

    Conclusions:

    • Rubber dam and vacuum-assisted isolation are the most effective methods for reducing intraoral humidity.
    • High external humidity can compromise the effectiveness of moisture control techniques.
    • Clinicians must consider environmental humidity alongside isolation strategies for optimal moisture control.