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Failed control (FC) in young adults, defined by exceeding drinking intentions, is linked to heavier drinking and negative consequences. Understanding how FC is measured is key to reducing alcohol-related harm.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Addiction Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Failed control (FC), a key aspect of impaired control in addiction, involves difficulty adhering to drinking limits.
  • While FC is a hallmark of addiction, its day-level effects on drinking outcomes remain understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine day-level correlates of heavier drinking, blackouts, and negative alcohol consequences by operationalizing FC in different ways.
  • To investigate how unplanned drinking and exceeding intoxication intentions relate to adverse alcohol-related outcomes in young adults.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over 28 days with 203 young adults reporting heavy drinking.
  • Daily FC operationalized as unplanned drinking, exceeding early evening intoxication intentions, or exceeding first drink intoxication intentions.
  • Multilevel modeling to analyze the relationship between FC operationalizations and alcohol-related outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Unplanned drinking days were associated with fewer drinks and lower odds of blackouts compared to planned drinking days.
  • Exceeding intended intoxication levels, particularly at the first drink, was linked to more drinks, blackouts, and other negative consequences.
  • The day-level risks associated with FC varied significantly based on its specific operationalization.

Conclusions:

  • Day-level risks of failed control depend on measurement, with exceeding planned intoxication levels being particularly problematic.
  • Interventions aimed at reducing heavy drinking and negative consequences should focus on skills for adhering to desired intoxication levels.
  • Problematic drinking and negative outcomes in young adults may be more strongly associated with planned drinking days where intoxication goals are exceeded.