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Related Concept Videos

Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
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Single-cell spatiotemporal transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility profiling in developing postnatal human and

Jiyao Zhang1,2, Mayuqing Li1,3, Mengdi Wang4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Nature Neuroscience
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compares human and macaque prefrontal cortex (PFC) development using single-cell genomics. It reveals human-specific gene regulation extending PFC maturation, impacting cognition and neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Understanding human prefrontal cortex (PFC) development is key to cognitive abilities and neurological disorders.
  • Comparative studies are essential to identify human-specific developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comparative repository of gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and spatial transcriptomics of human and macaque postnatal PFC development.
  • To identify species-specific developmental trajectories and regulatory networks.
  • To uncover cell types and lineages susceptible to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell resolution analysis of gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and spatial transcriptomics.
  • Comparative genomics and integrative analyses between human and macaque PFC.
  • Identification of key gene regulatory networks and transcription factors.

Main Results:

  • Species-specific dynamic trajectories in PFC development were identified.
  • Human PFC exhibits prolonged maturation with distinct glial progenitor proliferation and gene expression.
  • Key regulatory correlates of extended human PFC development and susceptibility to disorders were uncovered.

Conclusions:

  • Human-specific regulatory programs extend postnatal cortical maturation, involving coordinated neuronal and glial development.
  • Discoveries have implications for understanding human cognition and neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Identified cell types and transcription factors offer insights into disorder susceptibility.