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Mindfulness in Adaptation to Bereavement: A Systematic Review.

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Mindfulness shows promise for improving mental health after bereavement, particularly for secondary issues like depression. More research is needed to confirm its benefits for prolonged grief itself.

Keywords:
anxietydepressionmindfulness‐based interventionsposttraumatic stress disorderprolonged grief disorderself‐reported mindfulness

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Mental Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Bereavement can lead to prolonged grief and other mental health issues.
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy is a primary treatment, but not universally effective.
  • Mindfulness-based interventions are emerging as potential alternatives, but comprehensive reviews are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review observational and intervention studies on mindfulness's role in psychological adaptation to bereavement.
  • To examine the relationship between mindfulness and prolonged grief, depression, and PTSD symptoms.
  • To assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for bereaved adults.

Main Methods:

  • Searched PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed for relevant studies.
  • Included 13 observational and intervention studies with 2097 participants.
  • Analyzed associations between self-reported mindfulness and grief/mental health outcomes, and intervention effects.

Main Results:

  • Observational studies consistently linked higher mindfulness to lower prolonged grief and secondary mental health problems.
  • Mindfulness predicted changes in secondary outcomes but not prolonged grief over time.
  • Interventions showed effectiveness for secondary outcomes, with mixed results for prolonged grief.

Conclusions:

  • Mindfulness holds promise for improving mental health in bereaved individuals.
  • Mindfulness-based interventions appear effective for secondary mental health issues.
  • Further research, including RCTs, is needed to clarify benefits for prolonged grief.