Factors Influencing Occupation-Based Practice in Physical Dysfunction: Perspectives of Thai Occupational Therapists

Area of Science:

• Occupational Therapy
• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Health Sciences

Background:

• Occupation-based practice (OBP) is fundamental in occupational therapy, emphasizing purposeful activities in client care.
• This study focuses on OBP for clients with physical dysfunction, a significant area within occupational therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the perspectives and experiences of Thai occupational therapists regarding the use of OBP for clients with physical dysfunction.
• To identify facilitators and barriers influencing the implementation of OBP in this population.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining an online survey with in-depth interviews.
• Quantitative data from 62 survey respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
• Qualitative data from nine interviewed participants were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Main Results:

• A high percentage of therapists agreed on the importance of client-centered goals, relevant occupations, and real-life contexts in OBP.
• Therapists perceived OBP as effective for treatment, with clients identified as key facilitators.
• Significant barriers included insufficient time and inadequate clinical settings, corroborated by interview data.

Conclusions:

• Core OBP features include client-centered goals, engagement, and motivation, underscoring the centrality of occupation.
• Successful OBP implementation is influenced by a complex interplay of client, therapist, policy, service system, and clinical setting factors.
• Therapists must consider these multifaceted factors and their relationships for effective OBP.