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Minimally Invasive Subretinal Perfluorocarbon Liquid (PFCL) Removal.

Jared Ching1,2, Shin Tanaka1, Kitahata Shohei1

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Translational Vision Science & Technology
|December 12, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microneedles effectively remove retained perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) from the retina. This minimally invasive technique proved successful in both laboratory models and patient treatments, offering a new surgical option.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Surgery
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) is essential in retinal surgery but can lead to subretinal retention, potentially damaging the fovea.
  • Current methods for removing retained PFCL are varied, with ongoing research into safer and more effective approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of microneedles for aspirating retained perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) from the subretinal space.
  • To evaluate the performance of different gauge microneedles in PFCL aspiration using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro aspiration rates of PFCL using 30, 41, 43, and 49 gauge needles were measured.
  • Ex vivo porcine models were used to assess subretinal PFCL aspiration consistency and needle blockage.
  • The technique was applied in 10 patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for retained subfoveal or parafoveal PFCL.

Main Results:

  • Microneedle aspiration of PFCL was successful, with varying aspiration times depending on needle gauge and vacuum pressure.
  • Ex vivo models demonstrated repeatable PFCL aspiration without blockage using 400-650 mm Hg vacuum.
  • All 10 patients treated with microneedle aspiration achieved successful outcomes, with a mean visual acuity change of LogMAR -0.08.

Conclusions:

  • Microneedles represent a viable, minimally invasive surgical option for direct removal of retained perfluorocarbon liquid.
  • The study successfully validated microneedle performance from in vitro to clinical application for PFCL aspiration.