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Psychological Profile of Trail Runners Associated With Running-Related Injuries: A Prospective Study.

Rubén Gajardo-Burgos1,2, Raimundo Sánchez3, Manuela Besomi3,4,5

  • 1Instituto de Ciencias del Movimiento y la Ocupación Humana, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.

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Summary

Certain psychological profiles increase running-related injury risk in trail runners. Athletes with high stress, mental fatigue, and poor sleep face greater injury potential.

Keywords:
clusteringinjuriesrisktrail running

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Psychology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Trail running's popularity is rising, offering nature benefits but posing injury risks.
  • Psychological traits influence athlete injury susceptibility, a factor less understood in trail runners.
  • Identifying psychological profiles linked to running-related injuries (RRI) is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct psychological profiles among trail runners.
  • To compare the incidence of running-related injuries (RRI) across these identified profiles.
  • To understand the relationship between psychological factors and RRI in trail running.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 202 trail runners.
  • Gaussian mixture model cluster analysis to identify psychological profiles based on stress, anxiety, fatigue, sleep quality, and competitiveness.
  • Recording and comparing the proportion of RRI during a race across different psychological clusters.

Main Results:

  • The overall RRI proportion during competition was 11.3%, with muscle and tendon/bursa injuries being most common, primarily affecting the knee and lower leg.
  • Five distinct psychological profiles were identified among the trail runners.
  • One profile characterized by competitiveness, moderate stress/fatigue, low sleep quality/anxiety, and high self-confidence showed a significantly higher RRI proportion (21.2%) compared to another profile (3.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Specific psychological profiles are associated with an elevated risk of running-related injuries in trail runners.
  • Trail running coaches and medical teams should monitor runners exhibiting high psychological stress, mental fatigue, cognitive anxiety, low self-confidence, and poor sleep quality.
  • Proactive strategies targeting these psychological factors can help mitigate RRI risk in susceptible trail runners.