Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

3.2K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
3.2K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.2K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Associations of finerenone with reduced insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A real-world observational study.

Journal of diabetes investigation·2026
Same author

Traffic condition prediction for highway within work zones under dynamic traffic organization changes.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Ordered nanoplastic-elastomer networks resolve conflict between softness and stability.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Trace lanthanum activation drives deep biological phosphorus removal.

Environmental science and ecotechnology·2026
Same author

Tumor-Derived LAMB3 Drives Immunosuppressive LRRC15<sup>+</sup> Fibroblast Formation During Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Development.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

ICAM2 promotes endocrine resistance via dynein-mediated OXPHOS activation in ER-positive breast cancer.

Cell death & disease·2026
Same journal

Bioinspired Electrostatic-Field Perturbated Sensing for General Material Noncontact Perception.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Engineering Layered Magnetic Hydrogels for Cell Placement via Shear and Magnetic Field-Induced Assembly.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Interfacial Acid Sites-Mediated ZnO-Based Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Dual-Pathway H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Production and Rechargeable Zn-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Electrochemical Cell.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Zein-Ceria Hybrid Microparticles Enable Long-Term ROS-Scavenging Oxygenation for Osteogenic Microtissues Engineering.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Toward Practical Solid-State Lithium Batteries With High-Nickel Cathodes: An Interface-Centered Perspective.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

A Planarity-Hindrance Co-Balance Strategy to Develop Antiparallel H-Aggregates With Minimal Absorbance Blueshift for Type I Photodynamic Therapy.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems
10:11

Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems

Published on: March 26, 2013

19.2K

Multimaterials by Patterning Microphase Separation of a Single Copolymer.

Congqi Qi1,2, Bohan Liu1,2, Zheqi Chen1,2

  • 1The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Low Carbon Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|December 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created advanced materials by controlling polymer phase separation. This method generates seamless, integrated devices with tunable mechanical properties from a single material, mimicking natural systems.

Keywords:
fracturemultimaterialsphase separationsoft materials

More Related Videos

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.2K
Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers
10:09

Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers

Published on: June 30, 2018

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems
10:11

Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems

Published on: March 26, 2013

19.2K
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.2K
Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers
10:09

Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers

Published on: June 30, 2018

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomimetic Engineering

Background:

  • Living systems exhibit robustness through integrated soft and rigid components.
  • Synthetic materials struggle to emulate this seamless integration of diverse mechanical properties.
  • Existing methods often face challenges with interfacial incompatibility and structural integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel strategy for creating advanced multimaterials from a single copolymer.
  • To program spatially distinct mechanical properties within a unified material architecture.
  • To establish a versatile platform for programmable rigid-soft integrated devices.

Main Methods:

  • Designing a block copolymer with a metastable nanostructure.
  • Spatially programming photocrosslinking to arrest phase separation at specific stages during annealing.
  • Utilizing annealing to control the phase separation process and material properties.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated multimaterials with a wide range of moduli, from rubbery to plastic regimes.
  • Achieved spatially distinct mechanical properties within a chemically identical material.
  • Demonstrated seamless integration through a shared polymer network topology, eliminating interfacial issues.

Conclusions:

  • The presented approach enables the creation of advanced multimaterials with programmable, tunable mechanical properties from a single source material.
  • This strategy overcomes interfacial incompatibility and enhances structural integrity in integrated devices.
  • Offers a versatile platform for developing next-generation rigid-soft integrated devices with applications in various fields.