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Different Substrates Drive Differential Responses of Rice to Salt Stress
Hang Zhou1,2,3, Naijie Feng4,5, Dianfeng Zheng6,7
1College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China.
Rice (New York, N.Y.)
|December 13, 2025
Summary
Rice salt tolerance varies with substrate type. High-nutrient substrates alleviate salt stress by promoting carbon and nitrogen metabolism and regulating CHH DNA methylation, enhancing rice adaptation.
Area of Science:
- Plant Science
- Molecular Biology
- Agronomy
Background:
- Rice salt tolerance mechanisms are complex and may be influenced by substrate conditions.
- Previous studies often used single substrates, limiting understanding of environmental interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how different substrate compositions affect rice salt tolerance.
- To explore the molecular and metabolic responses of rice to salt stress under varying substrate conditions.
Main Methods:
- Established three substrate types (S1: high sand, S2: medium sand, S3: low sand) with varying nutrient levels.
- Assessed rice growth and dry weight reduction under salt stress.
- Performed KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites.
- Analyzed genome-wide DNA methylation patterns (CG, CHG, CHH).
Main Results:
- Salt stress alleviation increased progressively from S1 to S3, with S3 showing the least dry weight reduction.
- KEGG analysis revealed substrate-dependent metabolic pathway enrichment (carbon and nitrogen metabolism).
- CHH DNA methylation levels correlated strongly with substrate physicochemical parameters and were modulated by salt stress.
Conclusions:
- Substrate composition significantly impacts rice salt tolerance, with high-nutrient, low-sand substrates being more effective.
- Rice adapts to salt stress through substrate-mediated remodeling of carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
- Regulation of CHH DNA methylation is a potential mechanism for rice to optimize salt stress adaptation.
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