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Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays
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Multifunctional Composite Coating-Enhanced Flexible Microelectrodes for Chronic, High-Fidelity Neural Signal

Ji Pang1,2, Yuyang Sun3, Tingting Cheng2

  • 1Department of Polymer Materials, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai 200444, China.

Analytical Chemistry
|December 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a novel flexible neuroelectrode for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). The enhanced electrode ensures stable, high-fidelity neural recordings for up to 8 months, overcoming limitations of current technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Neural Engineering

Background:

  • Implantable flexible neuroelectrodes are essential for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs).
  • Conventional electrodes suffer from high impedance, poor tissue integration, and inflammation, limiting long-term performance.
  • Miniaturization exacerbates these challenges, compromising signal stability and recording quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multifunctional surface modification strategy for flexible neuroelectrodes.
  • To address limitations of conventional electrodes, including impedance, biocompatibility, and inflammation.
  • To create a stable, high-fidelity neural interface for long-term BCI applications.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a composite-coated flexible microelectrode (Au-PCLSFMA-PEDOT-GEL).
  • Integrated polycaprolactone/silk fibroin-methacrylate (PCL-SFMA) nanofibers with minocycline hydrochloride (MH).
  • Incorporated nanostructured poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and a silk fibroin-methacrylate (SFMA) hydrogel layer.

Main Results:

  • The modified electrode demonstrated low impedance and enhanced biocompatibility.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed improved biointegration and reduced inflammation.
  • Long-term recordings in mice (up to 8 months) showed stable, high-fidelity neural signals (SNR ~20).

Conclusions:

  • The multifunctional surface modification strategy effectively overcomes limitations of conventional neuroelectrodes.
  • The developed composite-coated electrode provides a durable and functionally stable neural interface.
  • This technology offers a promising platform for advanced neuroscience research and next-generation BCIs.