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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Published on: March 19, 2017

Multifunctional Additives for Performance Improvements in WBG and NBG Perovskite Solar Cells.

Zhengtian Yuan¹, Jingbo Wang¹, Fangzhou Liu²

¹Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|December 15, 2025

Summary

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show high efficiency but face stability issues. This study details stability challenges for wide and narrow bandgap PSCs, highlighting strategies for durable perovskite photovoltaics.

Keywords:

narrow bandgap perovskite solar cells perovskite solar cells stability wide bandgap perovskite solar cells

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Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

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Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

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Published on: February 27, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy
Photovoltaics

Background:

Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are nearing commercialization, achieving competitive power conversion efficiencies.
Device stability remains a critical barrier for widespread adoption of PSC technology.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the distinct stability challenges encountered in wide bandgap (WBG) and narrow bandgap (NBG) PSCs.
To review current stability advancements and emerging strategies for durable PSCs.

Main Methods:

The study analyzes stability issues based on perovskite composition, focusing on WBG and NBG absorbers.
It reviews existing literature and research on additive engineering and stability improvements.

Main Results:

WBG PSCs require minimizing voltage loss and halide segregation for stability.
NBG PSCs face challenges in crystallization control and Sn²⁺ oxidation mitigation.
Additive engineering effectiveness is highly dependent on perovskite composition.

Conclusions:

Addressing specific WBG and NBG challenges is crucial for advancing PSC durability.
Emerging strategies are vital for developing the next generation of stable perovskite solar cells.