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The Impact of Smoking on Outcomes Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and

Abdelrahman Ibrahim1, Musab Al-Musabi2, Rakan Kabariti2

  • 1Trauma and Orthopaedics, Princess Royal Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, GBR.

Cureus
|December 15, 2025
PubMed

Keywords:
anterior cruciate ligament (acl) reconstructioncigarette smokingfunctional outcome of acl reconstructionmeniscus tearmeta-analysissurgical site infection(ssi)systematic review and meta-analysis

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