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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM
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Zooming In: Assessing the Transferability of SDMs From Large to Small Spatial Extents.

Jur R G Seuren1, Martin C E Droog2, Jelle P Hilbers1

  • 1Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES) Radboud University Nijmegen the Netherlands.

Ecology and Evolution
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Large-scale Species Distribution Models (SDMs) perform well nationally but poorly in local areas. Transferring these models to smaller scales requires caution for accurate biodiversity predictions and conservation planning.

Keywords:
biodiversityensemble SDMsmodel accuracymodel performancereptilestransferability

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Biogeography

Background:

  • Species Distribution Models (SDMs) are crucial for predicting biodiversity shifts due to environmental change.
  • Large-scale SDMs are common, but their transferability to smaller spatial scales is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the transferability of country-level ensemble SDMs to local (municipal) scales.
  • To evaluate the predictive performance of SDMs for seven native reptile species in the Netherlands at different spatial extents.

Main Methods:

  • Ensemble Species Distribution Models (SDMs) were fitted using bioclimatic, land cover, and soil data at the national level.
  • Model performance was evaluated using independent occurrence data from 10 municipalities, not included in training.
  • Model performance was quantified using the True Skill Statistic (TSS) and analyzed using two-way ANOVA.

Main Results:

  • Nationally fitted ensemble SDMs showed high performance (mean TSS = 0.85).
  • Performance significantly decreased at the municipal level (mean TSS per species: 0.05–0.57; per municipality: -0.07–0.61), mainly due to reduced specificity.
  • Model performance varied significantly across both species and municipalities (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Large-scale SDMs offer a general indication of species distribution but lack accuracy for local conservation.
  • Caution is advised when applying broad-scale SDM outputs for local conservation decisions.
  • Further research is needed to improve the local applicability of SDMs.