Influence of retinal eccentricity, color blindness, and age on optoretinography measured with AOSLO

Optoretinography (ORG) is a recent technique for assessing photoreceptor function by measuring their physiological responses to a flash of light. These responses induce changes in the optical properties of photoreceptors, which can be analyzed to evaluate cone photoreceptor health. Recent studies suggest that ORG could be a useful biomarker for detecting retinal pathologies. However, the ORG signal depends on various non-pathology-related factors that need to be taken into account for effective clinical translation. Here, we introduce a new ORG metric and mapping based on the percentage of cones responsive to the stimulus, and we study the effects of retinal eccentricity, color blindness, and age on intensity-based ORG (iORG) using an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO).