Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation01:15

Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation

1.9K
The plasma drug concentration-time curve is a crucial tool in pharmacokinetics, representing the drug's concentration in plasma at different time intervals post-administration. This curve illustrates the drug's journey from absorption into the systemic circulation, distribution to body tissues, and eventual elimination through excretion or biotransformation.
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the...
1.9K
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

722
Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
722
Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

1.9K
The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
1.9K
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

1.1K
Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
1.1K
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

2.7K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
2.7K
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

592
Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
592

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hybrid diffuse optical appraisal of peripheral and cerebral changes in critically ill patients receiving red blood cell transfusion.

Biophotonics discovery·2026
Same author

Digital instrument simulator platform to support the development of noninvasive optical NIR device for placenta monitoring.

Journal of biomedical optics·2026
Same author

Versatile and comprehensive hyperspectral imaging tool for molecular neuronavigation: a case study on cerebral gliomas.

Journal of biomedical optics·2025
Same author

On-skin, micro-objective enabled camera module for speckle contrast optical spectroscopy/tomography.

Biomedical optics express·2025
Same author

Advancements in broadband near-infrared spectroscopy instrumentation for the assessment of <i>in vivo</i> mitochondrial function: a comparative review and outlook.

Journal of biomedical optics·2025
Same author

Oxygen-dependent functional brain haemodynamic response.

Biomedical optics express·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy to Study Protein-Protein Interaction and Protein Dynamics in Live Cells
14:12

Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy to Study Protein-Protein Interaction and Protein Dynamics in Live Cells

Published on: December 11, 2021

5.9K

Approaches for modelling autocorrelation function and data processing in time-domain diffuse correlation

Aleh Sudakou1, Ilias Tachtsidis2, Michal Kacprzak1

  • 1Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.

Biomedical Optics Express
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (TD-DCS) accurately measures tissue blood flow. The diffusion equation (DE) model offers a precise method for calculating blood flow index (αDb) with minimal error, outperforming other approaches.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research
08:12

Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research

Published on: February 16, 2024

14.9K
Confocal Microscopy Reveals Cell Surface Receptor Aggregation Through Image Correlation Spectroscopy
06:51

Confocal Microscopy Reveals Cell Surface Receptor Aggregation Through Image Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: August 2, 2018

7.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy to Study Protein-Protein Interaction and Protein Dynamics in Live Cells
14:12

Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy to Study Protein-Protein Interaction and Protein Dynamics in Live Cells

Published on: December 11, 2021

5.9K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research
08:12

Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research

Published on: February 16, 2024

14.9K
Confocal Microscopy Reveals Cell Surface Receptor Aggregation Through Image Correlation Spectroscopy
06:51

Confocal Microscopy Reveals Cell Surface Receptor Aggregation Through Image Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: August 2, 2018

7.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Non-invasive Physiological Monitoring
  • Photonic Techniques

Background:

  • Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (TD-DCS) is a non-invasive optical method for assessing tissue blood flow.
  • Accurate blood flow index (αDb) recovery relies on precise modeling of the electric field autocorrelation function (g1) and optimized data processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively compare four distinct modeling approaches for the g1 function in TD-DCS.
  • To evaluate the impact of correlator time bin width (Tbin) on data processing noise and optimize g1 (or g2) standard deviation.
  • To provide guidelines for accurate blood flow index recovery and noise reduction in TD-DCS.

Main Methods:

  • Four g1 modeling approaches were compared: Monte Carlo (MC) simulations with momentum transfer (Y) and pathlengths (L) (gold standard), L only, time-domain diffusion equation (DE) analytical solution, and steady-state correlation diffusion equation (CDE) analytical solution.
  • The DE and L-only approaches utilized near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) solutions, assuming Y = μ's L.
  • The effect of correlator time bin width (Tbin) on g1 (or g2) standard deviation was investigated using a noise equation dependent on g1 (or g2).

Main Results:

  • All four g1 modeling approaches yielded nearly identical curves when using photons detected after ~0.5 ns.
  • The DE solution demonstrated negligible errors (up to ~2%) in recovered αDb across various source-detector distances (ρ) and scattering coefficients (μ's) when using all detected photons.
  • Using L from MC simulations resulted in larger errors (up to ~9% at ρ = 5 mm, ~1.5% at ρ = 30 mm), explained by probability distribution analyses of P(Y) and P(μ's L).
  • Increasing Tbin reduced the standard deviation of g1 (or g2), with optimal Tbin being longer than the inverse of the photon count rate, varying across time gates.

Conclusions:

  • The analytical solution of the diffusion equation (DE) provides a highly accurate and efficient method for modeling g1 in TD-DCS.
  • Optimizing the correlator time bin width (Tbin) is crucial for minimizing noise and improving the reliability of blood flow measurements.
  • This study offers quantitative insights into g1 modeling and provides practical guidelines for enhancing TD-DCS data processing and blood flow index recovery.